2022년 고3 6월 모의고사 22~23번

 

22번

Often overlooked, but just as important a stakeholder, is the consumer who plays a large role in the notion of the privacy paradox. Consumer engagement levels in all manner of digital experiences and communities have simply exploded ―and they show little or no signs of slowing. There is an awareness among consumers, not only that their personal data helps to drive the rich experiences that these companies provide, but also that sharing this data is the price you pay for these experiences, in whole or in part. Without a better understanding of the what, when, and why of data collection and use, the consumer is often left feeling vulnerable and conflicted. “I love this restaurant-finder app on my phone, but what happens to my data if I press ‘ok’ when asked if that app can use my current location?” Armed with tools that can provide them options, the consumer moves from passive bystander to active participant.
* stakeholder: 이해관계자  ** vulnerable: 상처를 입기 쉬운 

 

정답 : ① 개인정보 제공의 속성을 심층적으로 이해하면 주체적 소비자가 된다. 

 

흔히 간과되지만 못지않게 중요한 이해관계자는 개인정보 역설이라는 개념에서 큰 역 할을 하는 소비자이다. 모든 방식의 디지털 경험과 공동체에서 소비자의 참여 수준은 그야말로 폭발적으로 증가해 왔으며, 둔화될 기미가 거의 또는 전혀 보이지 않는다. 소비자들 사이에서는 이러한 회사들이 제공하는 풍부한 경험을 추진하는 데 자신들의 개인 정보가 도움이 된다는 것뿐만 아니라, 이 정보를 공유하는 것이 전체로든 부분 으로든, 이러한 경험에 대해 지불하는 대가이기도 하다는 인식이 있다. 정보 수집 및 이용의 내용과 시기, 이유에 대해 더 잘 이해하지 못할 경우, 소비자는 흔히 취약하 고 갈등을 겪는다는 느낌을 받게 된다. ‘내 전화기에 있는 이 식당 검색 앱이 마음에 드는데, 그 앱이 내 현재 위치를 이용할 수 있느냐고 물을 때 ‘ok’를 누르면 내 정보 는  어떻게  되는  걸까?’  그들에게  선택권을  제공할  수  있는  도구로  무장한  소비자는 수동적 방관자에서 능동적 참여자로 이동한다. 

 

23번

Considerable work by cultural psychologists and anthropologists has shown that there are indeed large and sometimes surprising differences in the words and concepts that different cultures have for describing emotions, as well as in the social circumstances that draw out the expression of particular emotions. However, those data do not actually show that different cultures have different emotions, if we think of emotions as central, neurally implemented states. As for, say, color vision, they just say that, despite  the  same  internal  processing  architecture,  how  we interpret, categorize, and name emotions varies according to culture and that we learn in a particular culture the social context in which it is appropriate to express emotions. However, the emotional states themselves are likely to be quite invariant across cultures. In a sense, we can think of a basic, culturally universal emotion set that is shaped by evolution and implemented in the brain, but the links between such emotional states and stimuli, behavior, and other cognitive states are plastic and can be modified by learning in a specific cultural context.
* anthropologist: 인류학자  ** stimuli: 자극  *** cognitive: 인지적인

 

문화  심리학자들과  인류학자들의  주목할  만한  연구에  따르면  특정한  감정의  표현을 끌어내는 사회적 상황에서만이 아니라 감정을 묘사하기 위해 서로 다른 문화가 가지 고 있는 어휘와 개념에 정말로 크고, 때로는 놀랄만한 차이가 있다. 하지만 그런 데 이터가 서로 다른 문화가 서로 다른 감정을 가지고 있다는 것을 실제로 보여주는 것 은 아닌데, 만약 우리가 감정을 중추 신경의, 즉 신경계에서 실행되는 상태라고 생각 한다면 말이다. 예를 들어 색 식별에 대해 데이터들은 단지, 체내에서 일어나는 동일 한 처리 구조에도 불구하고, 우리가 감정을 해석하고, 범주화하며 명명하는 방식은 문 화에 따라 다르고, 우리는 감정을 표현하는 것이 적절한 사회적 상황을 특정 문화에 서 배운다는 것을 말해줄 뿐이다. 하지만 감정 상태 그 자체는 문화 전반에 걸쳐 지 극히  불변할  가능성이  있다.  어떤  의미에서  우리는  진화에  의해  형성되어  두뇌에서 실행되는 기본적인, 문화적으로 보편적인 감정 모음을 생각할 수 있지만, 그런 감정 상태와 자극, 행동, 그리고 다른 인지 상태 간의 연관성은 매우 바뀌기 쉬워, 특정한 문화적 상황에서의 학습에 의해 수정될 수 있다. 

 

 

정답 : ②   culturally constructed representation of emotions - 문화적으로 구성되는 감정표현