2022년 고3 6월 모의고사 30~31번

 

 

30번

In recent years urban transport professionals globally have largely  acquiesced  to  the  view  that  automobile  demand  in cities needs to be managed rather than accommodated. Rising incomes  inevitably  lead  to  increases  in  motorization.  Even without the imperative of climate change, the physical constraints of densely inhabited cities and the corresponding demands of accessibility, mobility, safety, air pollution, and urban livability all ① limit the option of expanding road networks purely to accommodate this rising demand. As a result, as cities develop and  their  residents  become  more  prosperous, ② persuading people to choose not to use cars becomes an increasingly key focus of city managers and planners. Improving the quality of ③ alternative options, such as walking, cycling, and public transport, is a central element of this strategy. However, the most direct approach to ④ accommodating automobile demand is making motorized travel more expensive or restricting it with administrative rules. The contribution of motorized travel to climate change ⑤ reinforces this imperative.
* acquiesce: 따르다  ** imperative: 불가피한 것  *** constraint: 압박

 

최근 몇 년 동안 전 세계적으로 도시 교통 전문가들은 도시의 자동차 수요에 부응하 기보다는 관리해야 한다는 견해를 대체로 따랐다. 소득 증가는 필연적으로 자동차 보 급의 증가로 이어진다. 기후 변화로 인한 불가피성이 없다 하더라도, 인구 밀도가 높 은 도시의 물리적 제약과 그에 상응하는 접근성, 이동성, 안전, 대기 오염, 그리고 도 시 거주 적합성에 대한 요구 모두가 단지 이러한 증가하는 수요에 부응하기 위해 도 로망을 확장하는 선택권을 제한한다. 결과적으로, 도시가 발전하고 도시의 거주자들이 더 부유해짐에 따라, 사람들이 자동차를 사용하지 ‘않기로’ 결정하도록 설득하는 것이 도시 관리자와 계획 설계자들의 핵심 중점 사항이 된다. 걷기, 자전거 타기, 대중교통 과 같은 대안적인 선택 사항의 질을 향상하는 것이 이 전략의 핵심 요소이다. 하지만 자동차 수요에 부응하는(→ (를) 관리하는) 가장 직접적인 접근 방법은 자동차 여행을 더 비싸게 만들거나 행정 규정으로 그것을 제한하는 것이다. 자동차 여행이 기후 변 화의 원인을 제공하는 것이 이런 불가피성을 강화한다.

 

정답 : ④

 

 

31번

Young contemporary artists who employ digital technologies in their practice rarely make reference to computers. For example, Wade Guyton, an abstractionist who uses a word processing program and inkjet printers, does not call himself a computer artist. Moreover, some critics, who admire his work, are little concerned about his extensive use of computers  in  the art-making process. This  is  a  marked  contrast  from  three decades ago when artists who utilized computers were labeled by critics ―often disapprovingly ―as computer artists. For the present generation of artists, the computer, or more appropriately, the laptop, is one in a collection of integrated, portable digital technologies that link their social and working life. With tablets and  cell  phones  surpassing  personal  computers  in  Internet usage, and as slim digital devices resemble nothing like the room-sized  mainframes  and  bulky  desktop  computers  of previous decades, it now appears that the computer artist is finally                    .

 

자기 일에 디지털 기술을 이용하는 젊은 현대 미술가들은 컴퓨터를 거의 언급하지 않 는다. 예를 들어, 워드 프로세싱 프로그램과 잉크젯식 프린터를 사용하는 추상파 화가 인 Wade Guyton은 자신을 컴퓨터 아티스트라고 부르지 않는다. 게다가, 그의 작품 을 높이 평가하는 몇몇 비평가들은 예술 창작 과정에서 그의 광범위한 컴퓨터 사용에 관해 거의 신경 쓰지 않는다. 이것은 컴퓨터를 활용하는 미술가들이 비평가들에 의해, 자주 탐탁지 않게, 컴퓨터 아티스트라고 명명되었던 30년 전과 뚜렷이 대조된다. 현 세대의 미술가들에게 컴퓨터, 혹은 더욱 적절히는 휴대용 컴퓨터는, 그들의 사회 생활 과 직업 생활을 연결하는 일련의 통합된, 휴대 가능한 디지털 기술 중 하나이다. 인 터넷 사용에서 태블릿 컴퓨터와 휴대 전화가 개인용 컴퓨터를 능가하는 상황에서, 그 리고 얇은 디지털 기기들이 수십 년 전의 방 크기의 중앙 컴퓨터와 부피가 큰 탁상용 컴퓨터와 전혀 닮지 않았으므로, 오늘날에는 컴퓨터 아티스트가 결국 소멸한 것으로 보인다. 

 

정답 : ⑤ extinct